ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ .

ꯗꯤꯁꯄꯣꯖꯦꯕꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯔꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ-ꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯆꯥꯔꯖ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ ꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯣꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯄꯣꯖꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ-ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯪ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯗꯤꯁꯄꯣꯖꯦꯕꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯦꯜ-ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

꯳ꯃꯤ ꯀꯦꯕꯂꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯁꯄꯣꯖꯦꯕꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ꯫ ꯑꯦꯗꯜꯇ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫ ꯔꯦꯝ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯒ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

●ꯕꯦꯛ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ : ꯑꯉꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯝ꯫ ꯀꯦꯕꯂꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ: ꯐꯨꯠ ꯱꯰ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯨꯠ ꯱꯵꯫

●ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ꯫

●ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯒꯔꯦꯟꯇꯤ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ꯫

●ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦ. ꯁꯤ.ꯏ./ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯣ.꯱꯳꯴꯸꯵ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

●ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯅꯐꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

●ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯤꯇꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯔꯦꯟꯇꯤ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

●ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯖꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ꯫

●ꯁꯦꯂꯁ ꯇꯤꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯣꯂꯦꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

●ꯄꯦꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ : ꯕꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔ , ꯄꯦꯄꯔꯂꯦꯁ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ .

●ꯗꯦꯂꯤꯚꯔꯤ ꯇꯔꯝ: EXW, FOB ,CFR, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ

●ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ: ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯲꯰-꯳꯰ .

●ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ : ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ , ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ, ꯌꯨ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ./ꯐꯦꯗꯑꯦꯛꯁ/ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯦꯜ., ꯑꯔꯥꯃꯦꯛꯁ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ

ꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯒꯗꯕ

ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ & ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯀꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯟ-{1}}ꯍꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯀꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯀꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯌꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯔꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯖꯤꯛꯇꯪ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯁꯥꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯄ꯭ꯂꯒ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯐꯥꯏ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯒꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, REM ꯄ꯭ꯂꯒ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ HI-ꯐꯥꯏ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯒ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗꯀꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯤꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯛꯌꯨꯏꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯂꯊꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯒ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔꯒꯤ ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯠ ꯇꯦꯒꯁ: ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ, ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ